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英语命题预测试卷(三)参考答案及解析

Section ⅠUse of English
Directions:
Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.( 10 points )

Most people who travel long distance complain of jetlag. Jetlag makes business travelers less productive and more prone1making mistakes. It is actually caused by2of your “body clock”—a small cluster of brain cells that controls the timing of biological3. The body clock is designed for a4rhythm of daylight and darkness, so that it is thrown out of balance when it5daylight and darkness at the “wrong” times in a new time zone. The6of jetlag often persist for days7the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone.

Now a new antijetlag system is8that is based on proven9pioneering scientific research. Dr. Martin MooreEde had10a practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone11controlled exposure to bright light. The time zone shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates12of the discomfort of jetlag.

A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact times to either13or avoid bright light. Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse. The proper schedule 14 light exposure depends a great deal on15travel plans.

Data on a specific flight itinerary and the individuals sleep16are used to produce a Trip Guide with17on exactly when to be exposed to bright light.

When the Trip Guide calls18bright light you should spend time outdoors if possible. If it is dark outside, or the weather is bad,19you are on an aeroplane, you can use a special light device to provide the necessary light20for a range of activities such as reading, watching TV or working.

1. A. fromB. of C. forD. to

2. A. eruptionB. disruptionC. ruptureD. corruption

3. A. actionsB. functionsC. behaviorD. reflection

4. A. formalB. continualC. regularD. circular

5. A. experiencesB. possessesC. encounters D. retains

6. A. signs B. defectsC. diseasesD. symptoms

7. A. ifB. whereasC. whileD. although

8. A. agreeableB. availableC. adaptableD. approachable

9. A. extensive B. tentativeC. broad D. inclusive

10. A. devised B. scrutinizedC. visualizedD. recognized

11. A. inB. asC. atD. through

12. A. moreB. littleC. most D. least

13. A. shed B. retrieve C. seek D. attain

14. A. inB. forC. on D. with

15. A. specificB. complicatedC. uniqueD. peculiar

16. A. modeB. style C. norm D. pattern

17. A. directoriesB. commentaries C. instructions D. specifications

18. A. upB. offC. onD. for

19. A. orB. butC. andD. while

20. A. spurB. stimulusC. agitation D. acceleration

Section ⅡReading Comprehension

Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1(40 points)

Text 1

Anthropologists commonly distinguish three forms of marriage: monogamy, the marriage of one man to one woman, polygyny, the marriage of one man to two or more women, and polyandry, the marriage of one woman to two or more men. Polygyny and polyandry are often linked under the single term “polygamy”, a marriage of one individual to two or more spouses.

Though there are many societies which permit, or even encourage, polygamous marriages, it does not follow, in such societies, that every married individual, or even that a majority of them, has more than one spouse. Quite the contrary is true, for in most, if not all, of socalled polygamous societies monogamy is statistically the prevailing form. The reason for this is clear: the proportion of male to female births in any human society is roughly the same, and if this proportion is maintained among the sexually mature, a preponderance of plural marriages means that a considerable number of either men or women must remain unmarried. No society can maintain itself under such conditions; the emotional stresses would be too great to be survived. Accordingly, even where the cultural ideals do not prohibit plural marriages, these may occur on any notable scale only societies where for one reason or another, one sex markedly outnumbers the other. In short, monogamy not only prevails in most of the worlds societies, either as the only approved form of marriage or as the only feasible form, but it may also prevail within a polygamous society where, very often, only a minority of the population can actually secure more than one spouse.

In a polygynous household, the husband must supply a house and garden for each of his wives. The wives live with him in turn, cooking and serving for him during the period of his visit. The first wife takes precedence over the others. Polyandry is much rarer than polygyny. It is often the result of a disproportion in the ratio of men to women.

In sum, polygamy is not, as so frequently indicated, universally a result of human immorality. It is simply not true, in this aspect of culture as in many others, that people who follow patterns of culture deemed immoral in our society are thereby lacking in morality. Our ideal and compulsory pattern of marriage, which holds that monogamy is the only appropriate form of marriage, is not shared by all peoples, even by some of those who regularly practice monogamy. In a great many societies, monogamy is only one possible form of marriage, with polygyny or polyandry as perfectly possible, though less frequent, alternatives.

21. A marriage between several men and women should be called .
A polygynyB polyandryC monogamyD not mentioned

22. According to the second paragraph, in societies that encourage polygamous marriages, .
A polygamy is the predominant form of marriages
B most of the individuals usually have multiple spouses
C there are usually a greater of proportion of men than women
D people are not necessarily married to multiple partners

23. The author believes that plural marriages occur on substantial scales only in societies in which .
A polygyny is not prohibited
B one sex greatly outnumbers the other
C most people are undereducated
D a minority of people are very rich and powerful

24. According to the third paragraph, polyandry .
A means the husband must provide for the livelihood of his wives
B is a marriage tradition in which the first husband takes precedence over the others
C is much rarer than other marriage forms
D is often the result of women outnumbering men

25. We can infer from the last paragraph that .
A many people believe that plural marriages denote immorality of other societies
B those societies that do not uphold monogamy as the dominant marriage form are immoral
C polygyny or polyandry are possible alternative marriage forms in most societies
D the author lives in a society where plural marriages are socially accepted